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Accu-Hepatitis B & C Test
Instant At-Home Testing Kit
Detects Hepatitis B & C Viral Infections
Exclusive Precision DNAffirm Antigen/Antibody Technology
•Confidential •Quick and Easy to Use •99% Accurate
Detects even latent stages of Hepatitis Infections
Uses a single drop of your blood from your fingerprick
THE COMPLETE KIT COSTS $119.00
Not Available in Canada
Hepatitis B
The Accu-Hepatitis B Test is a precision immunoassay for the determination of the
Hepatitis B antigen (HBsAg) in human whole blood.
The Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infects about 1/4 of the world’s population, more than
2 billion people, and is transmitted by exposure to infectious blood or body fluids
(including semen and vaginal), and is not normally spread by airborne mechanisms. It
may be spread by close personal contact and ingestion of contaminated water or food
products.
The HBV infection causes a wide variety of hepatic (liver) problems. These include
infection, chronic hepatitis with progression to cirrhosis and liver failure.
Test Profile
The test cassette contains a thin polymer membrane of Hepatitis B antigens. These
antigens will capture any Hepatitis B antibodies in the drop of blood sample. If such
capture occurs the C and T markers on the cassette will develop coloured lateral bands
(see test section to interpret results).
The Accu-Hepatitis Test detects the antibodies up to 8 weeks before there is any visual or
biochemical evidence of liver disease or jaundice.
The Hepatitis B virus is a hepaDNA virus and has a circular genome with some partially
double-stranded DNA. Viral replication occurs primarily in the liver but the virus spreads
to the circulatory system.
The Accu-Hepatitis Test uses a drop of blood from a finger prick, and will detect even
low levels of antibody.
Early Symptoms of Hepatitis B
Shortly after infection, the Hepatitis B virus will manifest itself in a general malaise.
There is a feeling of ill health, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, body aches, and low
level fever. Urine starts to darken and the disease then progresses to a development of
jaundice. In some cases the infection may be asymptomatic and be unrecognized.
Mechanism of Viral Action
Alcohol worsens the effects of the disease because it modulates anti-viral and anti inflammatory functions of monocytes, and that prolonged alcohol consumption has a double negative effect of reducing the anti-viral effect of type 1 interferon, while increasinf inflamation by the pro-inflammatory cytokine tnfa.
The Hepatitis B virus disrupts liver functionality. The virus binds to receptor cells in the
liver causing heptocellular damage.
Prognosis
Hepatitis B infections may be acute or chronic. Persons with an acute infection may clear
the infection in a period of several months. For others with a chronic infection treatment
is obviously necessary. The virus persists in the body after infection and the disease may
go through cycles of replication and non-replication. Individuals who remain positive for
at least 6 months are carriers and in some cases may readily transmit the disease while in
others there is a much lower risk of transmitting the infection. In any event, it is critical to
diagnose the disease as early as possible.
There is no cure for the disease, and the purpose of early detection is to initiate
treatment to reduce the severity and incidence of cirrhosis.
Interferon alpha therapy is widely used in the treatment of chronic hepetitis b,and nucleotide analogues are being increasingly used, but these provide only symptomatic relief.
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis C is an infectious disease caused by the Hepatitis C Virus (HCV). HCV is a
single stranded RNA virus with a structural relation to the flavivirus family. The chronic
HCV infection can lead to fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver.
The Hepatitis C virus is spread by blood to blood contact and although there may be an
absence of initial symptoms the virus will persist in the liver of almost 90% of infected
persons.
The disease is transmitted by a variety of routes including multi-use of needles for
injection, contacting infected blood directly or though shared utensils etc...
Improperly sterilized medical or dental equipment may harbour contaminated blood and
has been a source of contamination.
The disease can be sexually transmitted but this is not a dominant level of risk. The
sharing of personal items such as razors, toothbrushes etc. have been sources of cross
contamination as have been needles used in tattoo parlours once a notorious source of
infection.
Heptocellular carcenoma,the most common type of liver cancer, is the third leading cancer-related cause of death. The hepatitis c virus is the primary cause of liver cancer, and the gene- depdc5 is a catalyst in the carcinomic process
Researchers have determined that EGCG a flavenoid found in green tea inhibits the hepatitis c virus from entering liver cells. this may help in preventing viral reinfection following liver transplants. green tea has been reputed to have a variety of benefits , but may prove most valuable in preventing hepatitis c reinfection, even when interferon treatment has faltered.
Demographics
Approximately 300 million people are infected with Hepatitis C and 4 million new cases
are added annually. About 20 thousand people die annually from Hepatitis C in North
America and a substantial number of people in high risk lifestyles are co-infected with
HIV and HCV.
Symptoms
The disease is considered in the acute stages for the first 6 months after infection and
the vast majority of people do not develop visible symptoms. When symptoms do start
to develop, they initially consist of flu-like symptoms with an increased loss of sensory
perception. The symptoms may progress to loss of appetite, fatigue, abdominal pain and
jaundice. Hepatitis C is the leading cause of liver transplants in North America.
HCV is detectable by the Accu-Hepatitis Test about 15-20 days after initial infection.
Test Principle
The Accu-Hepatitis test is a precision immunochromatographic screen. The cassette
contains a thin polymer film of HCV antigens. If HCV antibodies are present in the
blood droplet the test will indicate a positive result and the intensity of the C band colour
indicates the level of antibodies present in the blood.
Test Results for Hepatitis B and C Tests
A positive test for Hepatitis B or C indicates it would be prudent to contact a healthcare
professional to discus your options.
There is a moral and social obligation to take all necessary steps to avoid the possibility
of spreading the infection.
If you consider yourself at risk, the test should be repeated within 6 months.
